On Saturday, September 13, there will be a general election in Texas to consider twenty-two amendments to the state constitution (and cities in the Denton area will be considering a Denton County Transportation Authority tax increase). For those who have not studied the Texas constitution, this might seem like a high number. However, after reconstruction Texans were afraid to give too much power to government, so they created a constitution that severely limited what the legislature could do. The downside to this is that a tremendous number of amendments have been necessary over the years (410 since 1876). I guess the bright side is that the voters get a lot more say over things (although sometimes it seems too nitpicky).
This time the big issue is over Proposition 12 (PDF), which would limit “noneconomic” damages in liability suits (note that it’s being targeted at medical malpractice suits, but it would apply to all liability suits after 1/1/2005).
Proposition 12 would add sec. 66 to Art. 3 of the Texas Constitution, authorizing the Legislature to set limits on damages, except economic damages. It would apply to limitations on damages in medical liability cases enacted during the 2003 regular session of the 78th Legislature or in subsequent sessions. It also would apply to limitations on noneconomic damages in all other types of cases after January 1, 2005, subject to approval by a three-fifths vote of the members elected to each house. The amendment would define “economic damages” as compensatory damages for any pecuniary loss or damage. Such damages would not include any loss or damage, however characterized, for past, present, and future physical pain and suffering, loss of consortium, loss of companionship and society, disfigurement, or physical impairment.
The Legislature’s authority to limit noneconomic damages would apply regardless of whether the claim or cause of action arose or was derived from common law, a statute, or other law, including tort, contract, or any other liability theory or combination of theories. The claim or cause of action would include a medical or health-care liability claim, as defined by the Legislature, based on a medical or health-care provider’s treatment, lack of treatment, or other claimed departure from an accepted standard of medical or health care or safety that caused or contributed to a person’s actual or claimed disease, injury, or death.
The ballot proposal reads: “The constitutional amendment concerning civil lawsuits against doctors and health care providers, and other actions, authorizing the legislature to determine limitations on non-economic damages.”
It should be noted that this is an enabling amendment to allow HB4 (passed during the 2003 legislative session) to stand. HB4 caps noneconomic damages at $250,000 per claimant and $500,000 for all institutions involved in a liability case. As written, HB4 is unconstitutional according to a previous ruling (Lucas v. U.S., 757 S.W.2d 687 (1988)) by the Texas Supreme Court.
I’m kind of torn on this issue. I understand the problem of outrageous jury awards and the rising costs of malpractice insurance for doctors. However, I think that doctors and hospitals need to be held accountable for their mistakes. Consider the recent case where a doctor amputated the wrong leg or the one where a doctor removed a man’s penis when he didn’t have cancer (further, he didn’t tell him that he was going to do so). These are both cases where the economic damages don’t do justice to the harm done to the patient. It is my understanding that the original intent behind the civil legal system was to make the injured party “whole” again, but there are some injuries that just can’t be made whole.
I suppose the fundamental problem comes down to the fact that it’s nearly impossible to quantify a monetary value for the loss of a leg (or of the ability to have a sex life or children). Juries are understandably sympathetic and tend to be moved by emotion, which allows them to justify huge pain and suffering awards. However, I’m not convinced that limiting these awards is the right answer. We need to somehow find a balance between the insultingly low amount proposed by Rep. Nixon and the outrageous verdicts that are sometimes returned by juries. I don’t have any solutions to this, especially since it’s impossible to legislate common sense. We do have a problem with suits that aren’t really malpractice (i.e. people who got sick or died through no fault of the doctor, but the family needs someone to blame; or perhaps they saw the potential for a financial windfall), but that won’t necessarily be solved by capping damages. I think a return to a society that understands the concept of personal responsibility might help. Unfortunately after years of indoctrination into the victim society, it might now be impossible to turn things around.
The other problem I’m having is the tone of the advertising concerning Proposition 12. This morning I saw two television ads in a row, one for and one against the proposition. The first ad advised to vote for Proposition 12 because the “sleazy” trial attorneys were driving up our costs and causing doctors to leave. The second ad was sponsored by the trial attorneys and devoted its entire time to attacking Rep. Nixon, who sponsored the amendment. While Nixon may indeed be a shady character, this kind of sleazy attack ad just pissed me off. For a short time I was tempted to vote for Proposition 12 just to spite these bastards.
I think, though, that I find this current bill far too slanted in favor of doctors and liability insurers. My current thinking is that I will vote against it (even if that’s the same position that is taken by the “sleazy” trial lawyers; and it feels kind of dirty to be on their side).